What are the sites of Portacaval anastomosis?

The site of this anastomosis is the lower oesophagus. The anastomosis between the superior rectal veins, which are portal veins, and the inferior and middle rectal veins, which are systemic veins. The site of this anastomosis is the upper part of the anal canal.

What forms Portacaval anastomosis?

A portocaval anastomosis or Porto-systemic anastomosis is a specific type of anastomosis that occurs between the veins of the portal circulation and those of the systemic circulation. When there is a blockage of the portal system, portocaval anastomosis enable the blood to still reach the systemic venous circulation.

What is TIP procedure?

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a procedure that involves inserting a stent (tube) to connect the portal veins to adjacent blood vessels that have lower pressure. This relieves the pressure of blood flowing through the diseased liver and can help stop bleeding and fluid back up.

How long can you live after TIPS procedure?

According to an older randomized trial, 88% of people with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding who received TIPS survived for 2 years, and 61% survived for at least 5 years. A more recent analysis of TIPS procedures in one hospital found that 78.2% of patients survived longer than 90 days after the procedure.

Where are portacaval nodes?

Portacaval lymph nodes, in the narrow space between the portal vein and inferior vena cava were identified as well-defined oval soft tissue structures. The nodes were identified as separate from vascular structures, dilated common bile duct, or enlarged medial papillary process of the caudate lobe of the liver.

What causes portal hypertension?

The most common cause of portal hypertension is cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. Cirrhosis results from the healing of a liver injury caused by hepatitis, alcohol abuse or other causes of liver damage. In cirrhosis, the scar tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver and slows its processing functions.

How the portal vein is formed?

The hepatic portal vein is a vessel that moves blood from the spleen and gastrointestinal tract to the liver. It is approximately three to four inches in length and is usually formed by the merging of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins behind the upper edge of the head of the pancreas.

Where are Paraumbilical veins?

The paraumbilical veins are small veins around the falciform ligament that drain venous blood from the anterior part of the abdominal wall and diaphragm directly into the liver, and communicate with other anterior abdominal wall veins.

What is a portal vein?

A blood vessel that carries blood to the liver from the intestines, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. Also called portal vein.

What are portosystemic collaterals?

Portosystemic shunts, also known as portosystemic collaterals, are abnormal communications between the portal system and the systemic circulation, and such shunts can be congenital or acquired(7,8). Congenital shunts can be intrahepatic or extrahepatic, and their classification is complex.

What are retroperitoneal veins?

Abstract. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava are the great vessels of the retroperitoneum providing vascular supply to the abdominal organs and lower extremities.

Who performs a TIPS procedure?

A TIPS procedure may be done by a radiologist, who places a small wire-mesh coil (stent) into a liver vein. The stent is then expanded using a small inflatable balloon (angioplasty). The stent forms a channel, or shunt, that bypasses the liver. This channel reduces pressure in the portal vein.