What is meant by monoclonal immunoglobulin?

Definition of monoclonal antibody : an antibody that is derived from the clone of a single B cell and that is produced in large quantities of identical cells possessing affinity for the same epitope on a specific antigen (as a cancer cell)

What are the 3 types of MGUS?

There are 3 subtypes of MGUS, namely, immunoglobulin M (IgM) MGUS, non-IgM MGUS, and light-chain MGUS, each with distinct rate and type of progression (Table 1).

What is high risk MGUS?

People who have high-risk MGUS have any of the following features: The M-protein level is more than 15 g/L. The type of M-protein is IgA or IgM. The free light chain ratio is abnormal.

Is MGUS an autoimmune disease?

Background. Multiple myeloma (MM) and its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), have been linked with several autoimmune conditions in the medical literature.

What is MGUS diagnosis?

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a condition in which an abnormal protein — known as monoclonal protein or M protein — is in your blood. This abnormal protein is formed within your bone marrow, the soft, blood-producing tissue that fills in the center of most of your bones.

What is the treatment for monoclonal gammopathy?

There’s no way to treat MGUS. It doesn’t go away on its own, but it doesn’t usually cause symptoms or develop into a serious condition. A doctor will recommend regular checkups and blood tests to keep an eye on your health. Usually, these checkups start 6 months after first diagnosing MGUS.

What is IgG lambda myeloma?

In myeloma, all the abnormal plasma cells make the same antibody. Therefore, the myeloma can be classified by the type of light and heavy chains produced, such as IgG kappa, IgG lambda, IgA kappa, or IgA lambda, etc. The most common type of heavy chain produced in myeloma is IgG, followed by IgA and then IgD.

Can you get rid of MGUS?

Is there treatment for MGUS? There’s no way to treat MGUS. It doesn’t go away on its own, but it doesn’t usually cause symptoms or develop into a serious condition. A doctor will recommend regular checkups and blood tests to keep an eye on your health.

How can I characterize a monoclonal immunoglobulin?

If you find a monoclonal immunoglobulin on an SPEP (or UPEP), you can characterize it using immunoelectrophoresis or immunofixation. These tests tell you the nature of the immunoglobulin heavy and/or light chains (does the monoclonal immunoglobulin consist of IgA heavy chains and kappa light chains, for example, or is it just IgG?).

What causes monoclonal immunoglobulin (mIg) secretion?

Abnormal proliferation of plasma cells and some monoclonal B cells frequently cause the secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin fragments into the serum, causing monoclonal gammopathy, which leads to various diseases including renal diseases.

Is this monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) neoplasm reportable?

This neoplasm is not reportable. The monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition diseases are closely related disorder s characterized by visceral and soft tissue deposition of aberrant Ig, resulting in compromised organ function.

What are the two types of monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition diseases?

There are two major categories of monoclonal Ig deposition diseases: primary amyloidosis and light chain and heavy chain disposition diseases. These disorder s appear to be chemically different manifestations of similar pathological process es, resulting in clinically similar condition s